What is a Dubai Mainland Company?
A Dubai Mainland Company is a business entity licensed by the Dubai Department of Economy and Tourism (DET/DED) — formerly the Department of Economic Development — to conduct business anywhere in the UAE without geographic restrictions. Unlike freezone companies, mainland companies can trade directly with UAE government entities, retail customers, and businesses anywhere in the country.
Following the landmark 2021 amendments to UAE Commercial Companies Law (Federal Decree-Law No. 32/2021), foreign investors can now hold 100% ownership in most business sectors on the mainland — eliminating the previous requirement for a 51% UAE national (local sponsor) partner in many categories.
Mainland vs Freezone: Key Differences
| Feature | Mainland Company | Freezone Company |
|---|
| Foreign Ownership | 100% (most sectors post-2021) | 100% |
| UAE Market Access | Unrestricted — entire UAE | Limited — need distributor for mainland |
| Government Contracts | Yes — can bid for government tenders | No |
| Number of Offices | Unlimited branches across UAE | Restricted to freezone territory |
| Activities | Wide range including retail, construction, healthcare | Limited to freezone-permitted activities |
| Setup Cost | Higher (physical office mandatory) | Lower (flexi-desk available) |
| Regulatory Authority | DED (Dubai) / respective emirate authority | Individual freezone authority |
Types of Mainland Business Licences
| Licence Type | Activities |
|---|
| Commercial Licence | Trading, retail, import/export, distribution |
| Professional Licence | Consultancy, accounting, legal, medical, engineering |
| Industrial Licence | Manufacturing, production, processing |
| Tourism Licence | Travel agencies, hotels, tourism services |
Sectors Requiring Local Sponsor (Limited List)
While 100% foreign ownership is now allowed in most sectors, some strategic/sensitive sectors still require UAE national participation:
- Oil and gas exploration
- Defence and military equipment
- Certain financial and banking activities
- Some media and broadcasting activities
